LiPo Battery Voltage Chart: Normal, LiFePO4, HV Types, and Voltage-Capacity Relationship

Voltage parameters are the core indicators determining the performance, safety, and service life of Lithium Polymer (LiPo) batteries. Batteries with different cell counts (S rating) and types (standard/high-voltage) exhibit distinct voltage characteristics, and there is a non-linear correlation between voltage and remaining capacity—key insights visualized in a lipo battery voltage chart. This article presents key voltage parameters for 1S to 12S LiPo batteries through a standardized lipo battery voltage chart and corresponding tables, integrating industry universal standards and practical considerations to provide professional references for battery selection, charge-discharge management, and capacity estimation.

1. Normal LiPo Battery Voltage Chart​

A standard LiPo cell has a nominal voltage of 3.7V and a safe fully charged voltage of 4.2V per cell. The minimum recommended discharge cutoff voltage is no less than 3.0V per cell (to prevent irreversible damage). The following table lists the total nominal voltage and fully charged voltage for 1S to 12S standard LiPo batteries, with data complying with UL2054 and IEC 62133 industry safety standards.

2. HV LiPo Battery Voltage Chart

High-Voltage (HV) LiPo batteries are designed for applications requiring higher energy density. Each HV LiPo cell still has a nominal voltage of 3.7V, but the fully charged voltage is increased to 4.35V per cell, requiring a dedicated charger supporting HV mode. Their voltage characteristics are compatible with standard LiPo batteries, but stricter charge-discharge management is necessary to avoid electrolyte decomposition due to overcharging.

3. Lithium Iron Phosphate (LiFePO4) Battery Voltage Chart

Lithium Iron Phosphate (LiFePO4) batteries feature long cycle life and high safety. Each LiFePO4 cell has a nominal voltage of 3.2V and a safe fully charged voltage of 3.6V per cell, with a recommended minimum discharge cutoff voltage of no less than 2.5V per cell. They are suitable for applications requiring high stability. The following table presents total nominal voltage and fully charged voltage for 1S to 12S LiFePO4 batteries, adhering to GB/T 31484-2015 industry standards.

4. Relationship Between LiPo Battery Voltage and Capacity

The relationship between LiPo battery voltage and State of Charge (SOC) is non-linear. The voltage plateau mainly ranges from 3.7V to 4.2V per cell (for standard types), covering over 80% of the available capacity. Voltage drops rapidly below 3.7V, accelerating capacity loss. The following table shows the voltage vs. capacity percentage for 1S to 12S standard LiPo batteries at rest. Actual values are affected by discharge current, temperature, and battery aging.

5. Key Notes for Lipo Battery Voltage Management

① Charge-Discharge Control: Standard LiPo batteries must not exceed 4.2V per cell during charging, and HV LiPo batteries must not exceed 4.35V per cell. The recommended discharge cutoff voltage is set between 3.2V and 3.3V per cell to avoid irreversible damage from deep discharge. ② Voltage Balancing: Multi-cell batteries require regular balance charging to ensure a cell voltage deviation of ≤0.05V, preventing overcharging or over-discharging of individual cells. ③ Environmental Impact: Voltage tends to drop in low-temperature environments; reduce the charge/discharge rate in high-temperature conditions to avoid abnormal voltage fluctuations. ④ Aging Monitoring: The voltage plateau decreases with increasing battery cycles. Replace the battery promptly if the fully charged voltage fails to reach the standard value or the discharge voltage drops rapidly.